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Dicentrarchus - Species in
Moronidae - - Classification -
- Moronidae
- Eupercaria/misc
- Teleostei
- Chordata
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Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758)
European seabass
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Dicentrarchus labrax AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Dicentrarchus labrax
Picture by Crocetta, F.
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Picture by Crocetta, F.
Classification / Names Nombres comunes | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Especie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Moronidae (Temperate basses)
Etymology: Dicentrarchus: Greek, di = two + Greek, kentron = sting + Greek, archos = anus (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Etymology: Dicentrarchus: Greek, di = two + Greek, kentron = sting + Greek, archos = anus (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecología
marino; agua dulce; salobre demersal; oceanodromo; rango de profundidad 10 - 100 m (Ref. 9987). Subtropical; 8°C - 24°C (Ref. 4944); 72°N - 11°N, 19°W - 42°E (Ref. 54221)
Distribución Países | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Point map | Introducciones | Faunafri
Eastern Atlantic: Norway to Morocco, the Canary Islands and Senegal. Also known from the Mediterranean and Black Sea. Absent from White, Barents, Baltic and Caspian Seas (Ref. 59043).
Length at first maturity / Tamaño / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm 36.1, range 23 - 46 cm
Max length : 103 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 40637); common length : 50.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 6916); peso máximo publicado: 12.0 kg (Ref. 1468); edad máxima reportada: 30 años (Ref. 59043)
Max length : 103 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 40637); common length : 50.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 6916); peso máximo publicado: 12.0 kg (Ref. 1468); edad máxima reportada: 30 años (Ref. 59043)
Short description Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría
Espinas dorsales (total) : 8 - 10; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 12 - 13; Espinas anales: 3; Radios blandos anales: 10 - 12. Diagnosis: head with cycloid scales above; mouth moderately protractile (Ref. 231). Vomerine teeth only anteriorly (Ref. 231), in a crescentic band (Ref. 231, 57391). Scales on interorbital space cycloid (Ref. 57391). Posterior edge of opercle finely serrated, lower edge with strong forward- directed denticles (Ref. 231). 2 flat opercular spines (Ref. 231, 57391). Young with some dark spots on upper part of body (Ref. 231).
Adults manifest demersal behavior, inhabit coastal waters down to about 100 m depth but more common in shallow waters (Ref. 54221, 57391). Found in the littoral zone on various kinds of bottoms on estuaries, lagoons and occasionally rivers. They enter coastal waters and river mouths in summer, but migrate offshore in colder weather and occur in deep water during winter in the northern range. Young fish form school, but adults appear to be less gregarious (Ref. 9987). Feed chiefly on shrimps and mollusks, also on fishes (Ref. 5990). Juveniles feed on invertebrates, taking increasingly more fish with age. Adults piscivorous . (Ref. 59043). Spawn in batches (Ref. 51846). Spawning takes place in the spring near the British Isles, and earlier in its southern range. Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 35388). Marketed fresh or smoked (Ref. 9987). Highly sought by sport fishermen (Ref. 30578).
Life cycle and mating behavior Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva
Spawn in groups. Eggs are pelagic. In the Mediterranean, first sexual maturity occurs generally between 2 and 4 years of age while in the Atlantic sexual maturity happens a little later (males between 4-7 years and females between 5-8 years). Spawning happens just once a year and it tends to be in winter, although in southern areas it can occur in spring. Eggs have 1-2 fat drops that fuse about 12 hours after laying. Embryo development lasts about three days at 13-14°C and larval development about 40 days at 19°C. Egg size 1.1-1.5 mm, larval length at hatching 3 mm.
Main reference
Upload your references | Referencias | Coordinador : Heemstra, Phillip C. | Colaboradores
Smith, C.L., 1990. Moronidae. p. 692-694. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6916)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Near Threatened (NT) (Near Threatened); Date assessed: 03 March 2022
CITES
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesquerías: comercial; Acuicultura: comercial; pesca deportiva: si
FAO - Aquaculture systems: producción, species profile; pesquerías: landings, species profile; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Más información
Trophic ecology
componentes alimenticios
Composición de la dieta
consumo de alimento
Food rations
Despredadores
componentes alimenticios
Composición de la dieta
consumo de alimento
Food rations
Despredadores
Population dynamics
Coeficiente del crecimiento para
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Reclutamiento
Abundancia
Coeficiente del crecimiento para
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Reclutamiento
Abundancia
Life cycle
Reproducción
Madurez
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundidad
Puesta
Spawning aggregations
Huevos
Egg development
Larva
Dinámica larvaria
Reproducción
Madurez
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundidad
Puesta
Spawning aggregations
Huevos
Egg development
Larva
Dinámica larvaria
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Consumo del oxígeno
Tipo de natación
Velocidad de natación
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Consumo del oxígeno
Tipo de natación
Velocidad de natación
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Perfiles de acuicultura
Razas
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Perfiles de acuicultura
Razas
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Herramientas
E-book | Guía de campo | Claves de identificación | Asistente para frecuencias de tallas | Herramienta de ciclo de vida | Mapa de puntos | Classification Tree
| Catch-MSY |
Special reports
Download XML
Fuentes de Internet
AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Género, Especie | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - Aquaculture systems: producción, species profile; pesquerías: landings, species profile; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Bases de datos nacionales | OsteoBase: skull, spine | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Acuarios públicos | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Árbol de la vida | Wikipedia: Go, búsqueda | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Expediente Zoológico
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 7.3 - 19.5, mean 10.7 °C (based on 788 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.7656 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00780 - 0.01117), b=3.02 (2.97 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Nivel trófico (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 7.8 (5.0 - 11.0) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 33 growth studies.
Resiliencia (Ref. 120179): Medio, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 1.4-4.4 años (K=0.06-0.33; tm=2-8; tmax=30; Fec=230,000).
Prior r = 0.37, 95% CL = 0.25 - 0.56, Based on 10 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 37.1 [4.5, 189.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.869 [0.355, 2.011] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [19.3, 21.1] %; Omega3 = 0.3 [0.2, 0.5] g/100g; Selenium = 14.6 [7.0, 32.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.01 [2.63, 20.46] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.519 [0.256, 1.128] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.