分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Genyonemus: Greek, geny, -yos = face, jaw + Greek, nema = filament (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ayres.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
海洋 底中水層性; 深度上下限 ? - 183 m (Ref. 2850), usually ? - 30 m (Ref. 2850). 亞熱帶的; 49°N - 24°N, 129°W - 111°W
Eastern Pacific: Canada (Barkley Sound in British Columbia) to Mexico (southern Baja California; rare north of California, USA.
東太平洋: 到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞南部的在加拿大卑詩省中的 Barkley 聲音; 美國加州稀有北方。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm 14.0, range 13 - 15 cm
Max length : 41.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2850); 最大年齡: 15 年 (Ref. 56049)
背棘 (總數) : 13 - 16; 背的軟條 (總數) : 21 - 24; 臀棘: 2; 臀鰭軟條: 11 - 12; 脊椎骨: 25. Pelvic fins with fleshy appendage at base, first ray with free thread-like tip.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
在基底的腹鰭有肉質的附肢, 第一個鰭條具有自由像線一樣的頂端。
Found over sandy bottoms (Ref. 9118). Feed on polychaetes, small shrimps, crabs and mollusks (Ref. 9118). Oviparous, multiple pelagic spawner (Ref. 51256).
發現在砂質底部上了。 (參考文獻 9118) 吃多毛類動物，小的蝦，螃蟹與軟體動物。 (參考文獻 9118) 卵生的, 多隻產卵魚.(參考文獻 51256)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
A multiple spawner (Ref. 51256).東太平洋: 到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞南部的在加拿大卑詩省中的 Barkley 聲音; 美國加州稀有北方。
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 October 2019
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (參考文獻
123201): 7.7 - 18.1, mean 10.7 °C (based on 104 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00561 - 0.01865), b=3.09 (2.94 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.4 ±0.49 se; based on food items.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=1; tmax = 15; Min batch fecundity = 800).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 69.8 [38.0, 140.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.96 [0.47, 1.73] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.359 [0.193, 0.603] g/100g; Selenium = 38.2 [20.4, 77.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.9 [3.9, 48.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.82 [0.58, 1.21] mg/100g (wet weight);
