Environment: milieu / climate zone / kisaran kedalaman / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; payau dasar (demersal); nir-ruaya; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 110 m (Ref. 35388). Temperate; 60°N - 35°N, 11°W - 8°E
Northeast Atlantic: southern North Sea, Irish Sea, and southwestern Ireland to Portugal. Mediterranean Sea: Málaga, Spain.
Size / Weight / umur
Kematangan: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.5 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 106276)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 4; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 10; Sirip dubur lunak: 8 - 10. Preopercular spine present. Antrorse (forward-pointing) spine at base very small, rudimentary or absent. Second dorsal in males with dark blotches in vertical or oblique rows, in females colorless (Ref. 232). Gill cover with 3 spines. Snout slightly longer than the eye diameter (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Occurs in inshore waters, even intertidally, on sandy shores (Ref. 6444).
Eggs and larvae pelagic (Ref. 5968).
Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3397)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: tidak ada kepentingan
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Acuan
123201): 7.7 - 12.5, mean 10.5 °C (based on 484 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00759 (0.00555 - 0.01037), b=2.73 (2.68 - 2.78), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Acuan
69278): 3.3 ±0.39 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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