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Sparidae - - Classification -
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Spicara altum
Picture by FAO
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Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei (teleosts) > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Spicara: Latin, spicare = furnished with spike (Ref. 45335).
Etymology: Spicara: Latin, spicare = furnished with spike (Ref. 45335).
Issue
Placement in Sparidae from Centracanthidae from Santini et al. (2014:Ref. 95347). Suggestion already made in Garrido-Ramos et al. 1995; Hanel & Sturmbauer 2000; Summerer et al. 2001; Orrell et al. 2002; Orrell & Carpenter 2004; Chiba et al. 2009; Hanel & Tsigenopoulos 2011.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology
Marine; pelagic-neritic; depth range 100 - 300 m (Ref. 2683), usually 150 - 200 m (Ref. 7349). Tropical
Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri
Eastern Central Atlantic: Dakar, Senegal to southern Angola. Reported from Mauritania (Ref. 55783).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2683); common length : 20.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2683); max. published weight: 125.00 g (Ref. 4883)
Max length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2683); common length : 20.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2683); max. published weight: 125.00 g (Ref. 4883)
Neritic (Ref. 7349).
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Main reference
Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators
Schneider, W., 1990. FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine resources of the Gulf of Guinea. Prepared and published with the support of the FAO Regional Office for Africa. Rome: FAO. 268 p. (Ref. 2683)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 03 December 2009
CITES
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
More information
Trophic ecology
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Body composition
Nutrients
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Visual pigments
Fish sound
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Toxicity (LC50s)
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Human related
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Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture profiles
Strains
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
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Internet sources
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 12.8 - 15.4, mean 14.2 °C (based on 10 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00609 - 0.02604), b=3.03 (2.86 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref. 120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 147 [70, 265] mg/100g; Iron = 0.564 [0.181, 3.027] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.0, 21.1] %; Omega3 = 0.464 [0.207, 1.075] g/100g; Selenium = 47.8 [23.2, 97.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 28.4 [9.1, 84.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.615 [0.221, 2.291] mg/100g (wet weight);