أشلاق (القروش و الشفانين) (sharks and rays) >
Rhinopristiformes (Shovelnose rays) >
Rhinidae (Wedgefishes)
Etymology: Rhynchobatus: Greek, rhingchos = snout + Greek, batis, -idos = a sting ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Hans Julius Lübbert (1870–1951) studied politics and law at universities in Kiel and Rome, but caught severe malaria and had to change course. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / نطاق العمق / distribution range
البيئة
بحري القاع; نطاق العمق 0 - 35 m (Ref. 106604), usually ? - 35 m (Ref. 27000). Tropical; 28°N - 5°S, 20°W - 10°E (Ref. 114953)
Eastern Atlantic: Congo to Mauritania.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 300 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 2683); common length : 150 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 26999)
Benthic (Ref. 114953). Occurs in shallow coastal waters, more or less stationary. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Adults feed mainly on small bony fishes and invertebrates. Females have litters of 2-5 pups. Maturity size unknown but born at 79-85 cm TL (Ref. 114953).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).
Reiner, F., 1996. Catálogo dos peixes do arquipélago de Cabo Verde. Publ. Avuls. Inst. Port. Invest. Mar. 2:339 p. (Ref. 27000)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (مرجع
123201): 23.2 - 28, mean 26.5 °C (based on 100 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5024 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00372 (0.00163 - 0.00845), b=3.11 (2.91 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع
69278): 4.5 ±0.80 se; based on food items.
المرونه (مرجع
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
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