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Espécies relacionadas
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Thaleichthys - Espécie em
Osmeridae - - Classificação -
- Osmeridae
- Osmeriformes
- Teleostei
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Thaleichthys pacificus (Richardson, 1836)
Eulachon
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| Native range |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Thaleichthys pacificus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Thaleichthys pacificus
Foto de Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish.
Pictures | Imagem do Google
Foto de Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish.
Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinônimos | Catalog of Fishes(Gênero, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Osmeriformes (Freshwater smelts) > Osmeridae (Smelts)
Etymology: Thaleichthys: Greek, thaleia, -as = abundance + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335); pacificus: pacificus - of the Pacific (Ref. 1998).
More on author: Richardson.
Etymology: Thaleichthys: Greek, thaleia, -as = abundance + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335); pacificus: pacificus - of the Pacific (Ref. 1998).
More on author: Richardson.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia
marinhas; Água doce; estuarina pelagic-neritic; anádromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 0 - 300 m (Ref. 6793). Temperate; 61°N - 40°N, 171°W - 121°W (Ref. 86798)
Distribuição Países | Áreas da FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri
North Pacific: west of Saint Matthew Island and Kuskokwim Bay in the Bering Sea, and Bowers Bank in the Aleutian Islands to Monterey Bay, California, USA. Populations from northern British Columbia are separate from those in the Fraser River (Ref. 10276).
Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm 15.5, range 15 - 16 cm
Max length : 34.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 56527); common length : 20.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 7354); idade máx. registrada: 5 anos (Ref. 12193)
Max length : 34.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 56527); common length : 20.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 7354); idade máx. registrada: 5 anos (Ref. 12193)
Descrição suscinta Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Raios dorsais (total) : 10 - 13; Espinhos anais: 0; Raios anais : 18 - 23; Vértebras: 65 - 72. Distinguished by the large canine teeth on the vomer and 18 to 23 rays in the anal fin (Ref. 27547). Adipose fin sickle-shaped; paired fins longer in males than in females; all fins with well developed breeding tubercles in ripe males which are poorly developed or absent in females (Ref. 27547). Adult coloration is brown to blue on back and top of the head, the sides lighter to silvery white, and the ventral surface white; speckling is fine, sparse and restricted to the back; peritoneum is light with black speckles (Ref. 6885). Fins transparent, pectorals and caudal often dusky (Ref. 27547). During spawning, male fish has a distinctly raised ridge along the middle of the body and a rough texture, differentiating it from the female which is smaller, smoother and shinier.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: compressed.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: compressed.
Found near shore and in coastal inlets and rivers (Ref. 2850). Possibly to 625 m depth (Ref. 6793). Spends most of its life in the sea, returning to freshwater streams to spawn (Ref. 27547). There is evidence of return to natal streams (Ref. 10276). May migrate up to 160 km upstream. Feeds on plankton and only while at sea (11699, 10276). Excellent food fish and source of oil (15% body wt.). Anadromous (Ref. 96339).
Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
The spawning run from the sea to freshwater streams begins when river temperature rises to about 4.4° but the fish stop running if temperature exceeds 7.8°C. Males predominate the early part of the run, but their numbers are equalled or exceeded by females later (Ref. 10276, 11699). Adults usually die after spawning but some move back to the sea and return to spawn a second time (Ref. 1998). Upon hatching, larvae are found near the bottom and are soon carried downstream to salt water and eventually found in the scattering layer of coastal waters (Ref. 27547).
Referência principal
Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Segura ou pouco preocupante (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 March 2012
CITES
Not Evaluated
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: espécies comerciais
FAO - pescarias: desembarques; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Mais informação
Population dynamics
Parâmetros de crescimento
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Frequências de comprimento
Conversão de massa
Recrutamento
Abundância
Parâmetros de crescimento
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Frequências de comprimento
Conversão de massa
Recrutamento
Abundância
Life cycle
Reprodução
Maturidade
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundidade
Desova
Spawning aggregations
Ovos
Desenvolvimento dos ovos
Larvas
Dinâmica larval
Reprodução
Maturidade
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundidade
Desova
Spawning aggregations
Ovos
Desenvolvimento dos ovos
Larvas
Dinâmica larval
Anatomy
Área branquial
Brain
Otolith
Área branquial
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Consumo de oxigênio
Tipo de natação
Velocidade de natação
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Consumo de oxigênio
Tipo de natação
Velocidade de natação
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Genetics
Genética
Heterozygosity
Hereditariedade
Genética
Heterozygosity
Hereditariedade
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Perfis para aquacultura
Estirpes
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Perfis para aquacultura
Estirpes
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Ferramentas
Livro eletrônico | Guia de campo | Chaves de identificação | Ferramenta auxiliar de frequências de comprimento | Ferramenta sobre a história de vida | Mapa de pontos | Classification Tree
| Catch-MSY |
Relatórios especiais
Checar Manutenção em Aquário | Checar Planilhas de Fatos sobre as Espécies | Checar Planilhas de Fatos sobre Aquicultura
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Fontes da internet
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Checar Observador de Peixes (FishWatcher) | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Gênero, Espécies | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - pescarias: desembarques; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genoma, nucleotídeo | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | OceanAdapt | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Árvore da vida | Wikipedia: Ir para, procura | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Registro zoológico
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 1.3 - 8.6, mean 4.2 °C (based on 403 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00372 (0.00178 - 0.00775), b=3.17 (2.99 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278): 3.3 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
Resiliência (Ref. 120179): médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (tm=2-6; tmax=5; K=0.34; Fec=17,000-60,000 Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717)).
Prior r = 0.15, 95% CL = 0.10 - 0.22, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 98.1 [24.8, 242.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.808 [0.238, 2.305] mg/100g; Protein = 14.8 [13.7, 16.1] %; Omega3 = 1.23 [0.53, 3.04] g/100g; Selenium = 13.3 [5.8, 38.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.1 [4.9, 47.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.02 [0.47, 1.97] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.