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Ballerus ballerus
Picture by Busse, K.
Pictures | Google image
Picture by Busse, K.
Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi
; sötvatten; brackvatten bentopelagisk; flodvandrande (Ref. 51243). Temperate; 5°C - 25°C (Ref. 12468); 63°N - 43°N, 4°E - 56°E
Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri
Eurasia: large rivers draining to Baltic Sea (absent in northern Sweden and Finland north of 62°N), North Sea (Weser, Elbe), Black Sea, Sea of Azov (Don) and Caspian Sea, where it is abundant in Volga, rare in Ural.
Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm 25.5, range 24 - 27 cm
Max length : 49.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 129172); common length : 20.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 556); publicerad maxvikt: 1.1 kg (Ref. 129172)
Max length : 49.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 129172); common length : 20.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 556); publicerad maxvikt: 1.1 kg (Ref. 129172)
Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Differs from Ballerus sapa by having superior mouth, 62-77 scales on lateral line, and small eye with diameter about 2/3 of snout length in individuals larger than 10 cm SL (Ref. 59043).
Occur in large lowland rivers with backwaters and also in eutrophic lowland lakes. Feed mainly on zooplankton in open water of backwaters and other still water bodies. Spawn along shores of rivers or in backwaters on submerged vegetation and also on gravel in moderate current. Migrate upriver in long distances to suitable spawning sites. Juveniles stay in backwaters and flooded zones along rivers. Enter freshened parts of seas to forage. Life span reaches more than 10 years. Locally threatened by habitat alterations along river banks (Ref. 59043).
Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Mostly spawn several times during their life. Spawning lasts usually for 1-2 weeks. Female spawn once a year. Male often guard spawning territories along the shoreline (Ref. 59043).
Main reference
Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare
Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)
CITES
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: mindre kommeriell
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
Ytterligare information
Population dynamics
Tillväxtparametrar
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Rekrytering
Abundans
Tillväxtparametrar
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Rekrytering
Abundans
Life cycle
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Lek
Spawning aggregations
Ägg
Egg development
Larver
Larvdynamik
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Lek
Spawning aggregations
Ägg
Egg development
Larver
Larvdynamik
Anatomy
Gälyta
Brain
Otolith
Gälyta
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Syreförbrukning
Swimming type
Simhastighet
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Syreförbrukning
Swimming type
Simhastighet
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Verktyg
Bio-Quiz | E-book | Fälthandbok | Längdfördelnings-verktyg | Livshistorie-verktyg | Prickkarta | Classification Tree
| Catch-MSY |
Special reports
Download XML
Internet-källor
AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Släkte, Arter | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Nationella databaser | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Offentliga akvarier | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, sök | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00661 (0.00593 - 0.00736), b=3.13 (3.10 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.2 ±0.36 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 6.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.
Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.18-0.19; tm=4-5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100).