Summary of Conventions

Signatories

Territory	Status	Year
Algeria	ratified	20-Oct-1992
Antigua and Barbuda	ratified	03-Dec-1992
Argentina	ratified	18-Sep-1990
Australia	ratified	19-May-1989
Austria	ratified	03-May-1989
Bahamas	ratified	04-May-1993
Bahrain	ratified	27-Apr-1990
Bangladesh	ratified	02-Aug-1990
Barbados	ratified	16-Oct-1992
Belgium	ratified	30-Dec-1988
Bolivia	ratified	03-Oct-1994
Bosnia and Herzegovina	ratified	06-Mar-1992
Botswana	ratified	04-Dec-1991
Brazil	ratified	19-Mar-1990
Belize	ratified	09-Jan-1998
Solomon Islands	ratified	17-Jun-1993
Brunei Darussalam	ratified	27-May-1993
Bulgaria	ratified	20-Nov-1990
Myanmar	ratified	24-Nov-1993
Burundi	ratified	06-Jan-1997
Belarus	ratified	31-Oct-1988
Cameroon	ratified	30-Aug-1989
Canada	ratified	30-Jun-1988
Central African Republic	ratified	29-Mar-1993
Sri Lanka	ratified	15-Dec-1989
Chad	ratified	07-Jun-1994
Chile	ratified	26-Mar-1993
China	ratified	14-Jun-1991
Colombia	ratified	06-Dec-1993
Comoros	ratified	31-Oct-1994
Congo, R. of	ratified	30-Nov-1994
Costa Rica	ratified	30-Jul-1991
Cuba	ratified	14-Jul-1992
Cyprus	ratified	28-May-1992
Benin	ratified	01-Jul-1993
Denmark	ratified	16-Dec-1988
Dominica	ratified	31-Mar-1993
Dominican Republic	ratified	18-May-1993
Ecuador	ratified	30-Apr-1990
El Salvador	ratified	02-Oct-1992
Ethiopia	ratified	11-Oct-1994
Estonia	ratified	17-Oct-1996
Fiji	ratified	23-Oct-1989
Finland	ratified	23-Dec-1988
France	ratified	28-Dec-1988
Gabon	ratified	09-Feb-1994
Georgia	ratified	21-Mar-1996
Gambia	ratified	25-Jul-1990
Germany, Fed. Rep.	ratified	16-Dec-1988
Ghana	ratified	24-Jul-1989
Kiribati	ratified	07-Jan-1993
Greece	ratified	29-Dec-1988
Grenada	ratified	31-Mar-1993
Guatemala	ratified	07-Nov-1989
Guinea	ratified	25-Jun-1992
Guyana	ratified	12-Aug-1993
Honduras	ratified	14-Oct-1993
Hungary	ratified	20-Apr-1989
Iceland	ratified	29-Aug-1989
India	ratified	19-Jun-1992
Indonesia	ratified	26-Jun-1992
Iran, Islamic R. of	ratified	03-Oct-1990
Ireland	ratified	16-Dec-1988
Israel	ratified	30-Jun-1992
Italy	ratified	16-Dec-1988
Côte d'Ivoire	ratified	05-Apr-1993
Jamaica	ratified	31-Mar-1993
Japan	ratified	30-Sep-1988
Jordan	ratified	31-May-1989
Kenya	ratified	09-Nov-1988
Korea, D.P.R. of	ratified	24-Jan-1995
Korea, R. of	ratified	27-Feb-1992
Kuwait	ratified	23-Nov-1992
Lebanon	ratified	31-Mar-1993
Lesotho	ratified	25-Mar-1994
Liberia	ratified	15-Jan-1996
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya	ratified	11-Jul-1990
Liechtenstein	ratified	08-Feb-1989
Lithuania	ratified	18-Jan-1995
Luxembourg	ratified	17-Oct-1988
Madagascar	ratified	07-Nov-1996
Malawi	ratified	09-Jan-1991
Malaysia	ratified	29-Aug-1989
Maldives	ratified	16-May-1989
Mali	ratified	28-Oct-1994
Malta	ratified	29-Dec-1988
Mauritania	ratified	26-May-1994
Mauritius	ratified	18-Aug-1992
Mexico	ratified	31-Mar-1988
Monaco	ratified	12-Mar-1993
Mongolia	ratified	07-Mar-1996
Moldova, R. of	ratified	24-Oct-1996
Morocco	ratified	28-Dec-1995
Mozambique	ratified	09-Sep-1994
Namibia	ratified	20-Sep-1993
Nepal	ratified	06-Jul-1994
Netherlands	ratified	16-Dec-1988
Vanuatu	ratified	21-Nov-1994
New Zealand	ratified	21-Jul-1988
Nicaragua	ratified	05-Mar-1993
Niger	ratified	09-Oct-1992
Nigeria	ratified	31-Oct-1988
Norway	ratified	24-Jun-1988
Micronesia, Fed. States of	ratified	06-Sep-1955
Marshall Islands	ratified	11-Mar-1993
Pakistan	ratified	18-Dec-1992
Panama	ratified	03-Mar-1989
Papua New Guinea	ratified	27-Oct-1992
Paraguay	ratified	03-Dec-1992
Peru	ratified	31-Mar-1993
Philippines	ratified	17-Jul-1991
Poland	ratified	13-Jul-1990
Portugal	ratified	17-Oct-1988
Qatar	ratified	22-Jan-1996
Romania	ratified	27-Jan-1993
Russian Federation	ratified	10-Nov-1988
Saint Kitts and Nevis	ratified	10-Aug-1992
Saint Lucia	ratified	28-Jul-1993
Saint Vincent & the Grenadines	ratified	02-Dec-1996
Saudi Arabia	ratified	01-Mar-1993
Senegal	ratified	06-May-1993
Seychelles	ratified	06-Jan-1993
Singapore	ratified	05-Jan-1989
Viet Nam	ratified	26-Jan-1994
South Africa	ratified	15-Jan-1990
Zimbabwe	ratified	03-Nov-1992
Spain	ratified	16-Dec-1988
Sudan	ratified	29-Jan-1993
Suriname	ratified	14-Oct-1997
Swaziland	ratified	10-Nov-1992
Sweden	ratified	29-Jun-1988
Switzerland	ratified	28-Dec-1988
Syrian Arab Republic	ratified	12-Dec-1989
Tajikistan	ratified	07-Jan-1998
Thailand	ratified	07-Jul-1989
Togo	ratified	10-Mar-1994
Trinidad and Tobago	ratified	28-Aug-1989
United Arab Emirates	ratified	22-Dec-1989
Tunisia	ratified	25-Sep-1989
Turkey	ratified	20-Sep-1991
Turkmenistán	ratified	18-Nov-1993
Tuvalu	ratified	15-Jul-1993
Uganda	ratified	15-Sep-1988
Ukraine	ratified	20-Sep-1988
Azerbaijan	ratified	12-Jun-1996
Latvia	ratified	28-Apr-1995
Egypt	ratified	02-Aug-1988
United Kingdom	ratified	16-Dec-1988
Tanzania, United R. of	ratified	16-Apr-1993
USA (contiguous states)	ratified	21-Apr-1988
Burkina Faso	ratified	20-Jul-1989
Uruguay	ratified	08-Jan-1991
Uzbekistan	ratified	18-May-1993
Venezuela	ratified	06-Feb-1989
Samoa	ratified	21-Dec-1992
Yemen	ratified	21-Feb-1996
Yugoslavia, SFR of (former)	ratified	03-Jan-1991
Zambia	ratified	24-Jan-1990
European Union	ratified	16-Dec-1988

Language
English

Document text

	The Montreal Protocol on Substances that deplete the Ozone Layer 

                  Current Text for the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer 

After a series of rigorous meetings and negotiations the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was finally agreed upon at the Headquarters of the International Civil Aviation Organization in Montreal, and proved to be far tougher than anyone had thought possible only a few months before. 

The delicacy of the negotiations is reflected in the final agreement, which contains clauses to cover the special circumstances of several groups of countries, especially developing countries with low consumption rates who do not want the Protocol to hinder their development. But the Protocol is constructively flexible; it can be tightened as the scientific evidence strengths, without having to be completely renegotiated. Indeed, it sets the "elimination" of ozone-depleting substances as its "final objective." The Protocol came into force, on time, on January 1st, 1989, by
when 29 countries and the EEC representing approximately 82 percent of world consumption had ratified it. Since then several other countries have joined. 165 countries are now Parties to the Convention and the Protocol, of which well over 100 are developing countries. 

The Protocol was only a first step, as was realized at the time. But once it was agreed, events developed with astonishing speed. New scientific evidence showed that very much tighter and greater controls would be needed, and Governments and industry moved further, and faster, than anyone would have believed possible.

Short Name:	MP
Full Name:	Montreal Protocol for the Protection of the Ozone Layer
Purpose:	general
Established:	01-Sep-1987
Entered into force:	01-Jan-1989
Type:	protocol, multi-lateral
Place where established:	Montreal, Canada
Schedule to expire:
Goals and Objectives:	The primary obligations of countries under this Protocol include: control measures to reduce production & consumption of specific, controlled substances; to protect the ozone layer by taking specific "precautionary measures to control equitably total global emissions of substances that deplete it. Same objectives with the "Amendment of the Montreal Protocol".
Related Legislation:
Internet source:	#http://www.unep.org/ozone#

Secretariat's address	The Secretariat for the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol P.O. Box 30552, Nairobi Kenya
Telephone	+254-2-62-1234/62-3851
Fax	+254-2-52-1930 /62-3913
E-Mail	Marco.Gonzalez@unep.org#http://Marco.Gonzalez@unep.org#
Home Page	#http://www.unep.org/ozone#

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