Merluccius bilinearis, Silver hake : fisheries, gamefish

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Merluccius bilinearis (Mitchill, 1814)

Silver hake
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Merluccius bilinearis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Merluccius bilinearis (Silver hake)
Merluccius bilinearis
Fotografia de Flescher, D.

Common names from other countries

Merlu argenté, Merluza norteamericana, Хек серебристый (=мерлуза серебристая), ... more

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Gadiformes (Cods) > Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes)
Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Mitchill.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / intervalo de profundidade / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas demersal; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 55 - 914 m (Ref. 58452). Temperate; 55°N - 24°N, 80°W - 42°W (Ref. 54581)

Distribuição Países | Áreas FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Mapa dos pontos | Introduções | Faunafri

Northwest Atlantic: coast of Canada and USA from Bell Isle Channel to the Bahamas; most common from southern Newfoundland to South Carolina.

Length at first maturity / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturidade: Lm 23.2  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 76.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 1371); common length : 37.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 1371); common length :65 cm TL (female); peso máx. Publicado: 2.3 kg (Ref. 1371); Idade máx. registada: 12 anos (Ref. 1371)

Descrição breve Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 1; Raios dorsais moles (total) : 47 - 54; Espinhos anais: 0; Raios anais moles: 37 - 41. Head large, about 30% of SL . Pectoral fins long, reaching origin of anal fin. Overall color is silvery, somewhat brownish on back, whitish on belly.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.

Biologia     Glossário (ex. epibenthic)

Abundant on sandy grounds and strays into shallower waters. A voracious predator with cannibalistic habits. Individuals over 40 cm TL prey on fishes such as gadoids and herring, while smaller ones feed on crustaceans, i.e. euphausiids and pandalids; food also includes gaspereau, myctophids, smelt, silversides, mackerel, sand lance, butterfish, snakeblennies, longhorn sculpins and squids (Ref. 5951). The smallest specimen feeds mostly on crustaceans (Ref. 58452). Exhibits seasonal onshore-offshore migration (Ref. 9988). Spawning takes place from June-July in the mid-Atlantic region; July-August in the Gulf of Maine and to the north of Georges Bank, and August-September on the Scotian Shelf (Ref. 58452). Marketed fresh, smoked and frozen; fresh fish are exported to European markets; eaten fried, broiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas

Spawning appears to be strongly influenced by water temperature, and annual variations occur both in the peak and the range of the spawning period, which may influence considerably the growth of juveniles.

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)

Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)

  Quase ameaçada (NT) ; Date assessed: 06 January 2015

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para o homem

  Harmless





Utilização humana

Pescarias: altamente comercial; peixe desportivo: sim
FAO - pescarias: landings, perfil da espécie; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Mais informação

Ecologia Trófica
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Ferramentas

E-book | Guia de campo | Chaves de identificação | Ferramenta auxiliar de frequências de comprimento | Ferramenta sobre a história de vida | Mapa dos pontos | Catch-MSY |

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Fontes da internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Consultar FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Género, Espécies | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - pescarias: landings, perfil da espécie; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | GoMexSI (interaction data) | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OceanAdapt | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Árvore da vida | Wikipedia: ir para, procurar | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Registo zoológico

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 0.9 - 7.8, mean 4.9 °C (based on 155 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00479 (0.00399 - 0.00575), b=3.11 (3.06 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278):  4.5   ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.4 (2.7 - 4.3) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 10 growth studies.
Resiliência (Ref. 120179):  Médio, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.18-0.4;tm=2-3; tmax=12).
Prior r = 0.26, 95% CL = 0.17 - 0.39, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100). 🛈
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100). 🛈
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766):   Low.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 12.4 [6.5, 37.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.245 [0.086, 0.595] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [16.6, 18.7] %; Omega3 = 0.276 [0.189, 0.400] g/100g; Selenium = 28.2 [14.6, 52.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.2 [4.9, 58.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.279 [0.197, 0.387] mg/100g (wet weight);