Common names from other countries
Issue
The species in the genera Spratelloides Bleeker, 1851 and Jenkinsia Jordan & Evermann, 1896 should most probably be assigned to a separated family from Clupeidae and Dussumieriidae (Lavoué, pers. comm., July 2013). See a preliminary analysis in Lavoué et al. (2013: Ref. 93878).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / نطاق العمق / distribution range
البيئة
بحري pelagic-neritic; نطاق العمق ? - 40 m (Ref. 86942). Tropical; 33°N - 30°S, 33°E - 136°W (Ref. 188)
Indo-Pacific, from Red Sea south to Tanzania and east to Samoa (excluding the Cook, Society and Marquesas islands) and the Tuamoto Islands, north to southern Japan and south to western Australia and Kermadec Islands.
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm ?, range 4 - ? cm
Max length : 10.5 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 54980)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 12 - 13; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 12 - 13. Maxilla toothed, triangular pre-maxillae, 2 supra-maxillae, second supra-maxilla asymmetrical (lower part larger than upper part), vertical striae on scales not meeting at center; W-shaped pelvic scute; few branchiostegal rays (6 or 7).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Usually an inshore schooling species, inhabiting relatively clear waters of coastal, lagoon, and seaward reefs (Ref. 11230). Relative fecundity is 1596 eggs per unit body weight (Ref. 4383). Caught with beach seines, purse seines, ringnets and dipnets. Marketed fresh or dried-salted (Ref. 5213). Used as bait in the tuna fishery.
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً; طعم: usually
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5664 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00513 (0.00319 - 0.00824), b=3.11 (2.98 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع
69278): 3.1 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
المرونه (مرجع
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (K=0.41-0.44; tm<1; Fec=505).
Prior r = 1.19, 95% CL = 0.78 - 1.78, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (62 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 753 [190, 6,136] mg/100g; Iron = 9.36 [2.55, 36.03] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [16.7, 22.0] %; Omega3 = 0.29 [0.05, 1.73] g/100g; Selenium = 275 [32, 1,847] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.7 [0.5, 49.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 6.21 [2.11, 17.03] mg/100g (wet weight);
