Opisthonema libertate, Pacific thread herring : fisheries, bait

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Opisthonema libertate (Günther, 1867)

Pacific thread herring
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Opisthonema libertate   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Opisthonema libertate (Pacific thread herring)
Opisthonema libertate
Fotografia de Cotto Sánchez, A.J.

Ecuador country information

Common names: Machuelo hebra pinchagua, Pinchagua, Pinchagua común
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Also Ref. 11035.
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ec.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Béarez, P., 1996
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Chardin du Pacifique, Machuelo hebra pinchagua, Deep-bodied Pacific thread herring, ... more

Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Opisthonema: Greek, opisthe = behind + Greek,nema = filament (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Günther.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / intervalo de profundidade / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas pelagic-neritic; intervalo de profundidade ? - 70 m (Ref. 96339), usually ? - 50 m (Ref. 11035). Tropical; 28°N - 3°S, 112°W - 78°W (Ref. 54686)

Distribuição Países | Áreas FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Mapa dos pontos | Introduções | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Santa Rosalita, Pacific coast of Baja, California, Mexico southward to Punta Sal and Punta Picos, Peru. (Earlier works probably combined data for Opisthonema bulleri and Opisthonema medirastre). Range is extended northwards to San Pedro, California (Ref. 35601). Rare on outer coast of Baja California Sur (Ref. 35601).

Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturidade: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 55763); common length : 22.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 9291); peso máx. Publicado: 261.36 g (Ref. 124487)

Descrição breve Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Raios dorsais moles (total) : 13 - 21; Espinhos anais: 0; Raios anais moles: 12 - 23. The filamentous last dorsal fin ray distinguishes it from members of any other eastern Pacific clupeoid genus. Separated from eastern Pacific Opisthonema species by having 63 to 110 lower gill rakers in fishes over 14 cm standard length.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: compressed.

Biologia     Glossário (ex. epibenthic)

Usually occur near the surface of coastal and offshore waters, down to over bottom of continental shelf (Ref. 11035). Form dense schools. Apparently the most abundant of the eastern Pacific species of Opisthonema. Feed on phytoplankton (dinoflagellates and diatoms). Oviparous, with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 35601). It is reduced to fish meal (Ref. 9291). Oil may be extracted (Ref. 9291). May be canned (Ref. 9291).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas

Oviparous (Ref. 35601).

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)

Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)

  Preocupação menor (LC) ; Date assessed: 24 May 2007

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para o homem

  Harmless





Utilização humana

Pescarias: altamente comercial; isco: occasionally
FAO - pescarias: landings, perfil da espécie; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Mais informação

Ecologia Trófica
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Ferramentas

E-book | Guia de campo | Ferramenta auxiliar de frequências de comprimento | Ferramenta sobre a história de vida | Mapa dos pontos | Catch-MSY |

Relatórios especiais

Consultar manutenção em aquários | Consultar ficha de espécies | Consultar fichas de aquacultura

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Página de resumo | Dado pontual | Nomes comuns | Fotografias

Fontes da internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Consultar FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Género, Espécies | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - pescarias: landings, perfil da espécie; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Árvore da vida | Wikipedia: ir para, procurar | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Registo zoológico

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 21.4 - 29, mean 27 °C (based on 86 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5312   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00395 - 0.01157), b=3.06 (2.91 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278):  2.9   ±0.28 se; based on food items.
Resiliência (Ref. 120179):  Elevada, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população menor que 15 meses (K=0.22-0.5).
Prior r = 0.43, 95% CL = 0.28 - 0.64, Based on 2 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (25 of 100). 🛈
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100). 🛈
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766):   Medium.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 199 [90, 362] mg/100g; Iron = 1.94 [1.10, 3.34] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [17.5, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.37 [0.21, 0.67] g/100g; Selenium = 48.5 [23.7, 99.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 26.8 [9.3, 78.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.41 [0.97, 2.09] mg/100g (wet weight);