Manducus maderensis

photo by JAMARC

Family:	Gonostomatidae (Bristlemouths)
Max. size:	27.9 cm SL (male/unsexed)
Environment:	bathypelagic; marine; depth range 0 - 850 m
Distribution:	Eastern Atlantic: Senegal, Madeira, and Cape Verde; off southern Africa, ca. 19°S, 5°W (Ref. 3991). Western Atlantic: eastern coast of the United States, Bahamas, Straits of Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Suriname, and Brazil (Ref. 37039).
Diagnosis:	Dorsal spines (total): 0-0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 11-13; Anal spines: 0-0; Anal soft rays: 36-41. Dorsum black-brown in color; flanks silver; fin rays finely speckled (Ref. 3991). Row of photophores along the lateral line (Ref. 37473).
Biology:	Exhibits diel vertical migrations (Ref. 4769); found between 400-800 m during the day and near the surface at night (Ref. 3991).
IUCN Red List Status:	Data deficient (DD); Date assessed: 16 May 2013 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:	harmless

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