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Main Ref. | Woodland, D.J., 1990 |
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Remarks | Smallest juveniles (up to 25 mm SL) live in schools of about 20, often in seagrass beds, feeding on 'aufwuchs' on fronds; at 50 mm SL they live in schools among branching corals in waters about 2 m deep, grazing on finer benthic algae (often form mixed feeding schools with siganids & scarids); at about 60 mm SL, pair bonds begin to form which are partly nomadic & may join large schools which migrate to feed in areas flooded by the tide; by 15 cm SL, pairs are sedentary, living among corals in deeper waters (about 6 m) such as lagoons & drop-off faces at edges of reefs, with coarser benthic algae as their diet. Feeding in crevices facilitated by slightly tubular snout (Ref. 1419). Also Ref. 58534. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Broad, G., 2003 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
Feeding habit | browsing on substrate |
Feeding habit Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 2.00 | 0.00 | 2.00 | 0.00 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 2.46 | 0.23 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |